Shahram Sadeghi; Behzad Shahmoradi; Nammam Ali Azadi; Kazhal Karami; Mona Ghaslani; Mona Karami Cheshmeh Zangi; Bayan Hossienzadeh
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the main resources of methane emissions is waste disposal buried in landfill sites. To control the negative effects of methane emission on Ozone layer known as greenhouse effect, the routine is to capture methane and use it as an energy resource. The objective of this study ...
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Background and Aim: One of the main resources of methane emissions is waste disposal buried in landfill sites. To control the negative effects of methane emission on Ozone layer known as greenhouse effect, the routine is to capture methane and use it as an energy resource. The objective of this study was to assess the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the Saqqez municipal solid wastes and to estimate the potential methane gas emission from the city’s landfills using LandGEM software over 2015-2034. Materials and methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the amount of solid wastes, the population of Saqqez city, and the characteristics of municipal solid waste landfills were used to estimate the methane gas emission using LandGEM software. Initial population and the population growth of Saqqez were obtained from the last census of 2012. Results: The amount of annual waste was 62050 tons with methane emissions of 32m3/h in 2016. It is estimated that this amount to increase to 108805 tons with methane emissions of 2203m3/h in 2034. Conclusion: In summary, the results of this study can assist city managers to prepare the appropriate actions to control and manage methane emissions to reduce its negative effects especially on environment.
Saeed Dehestaniathar; Shahram Sadeghi; Ebrahim Mohammadi; Esmaeil Ghahramani; Maryam Safay
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Constructed wetlands and conventional treatment methods have a same duty in wastewater treatment، but they have different methods and mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of phenol from synthetic wastewater using horizontal sub-surface flow constructed ...
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Background and Objectives: Constructed wetlands and conventional treatment methods have a same duty in wastewater treatment، but they have different methods and mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of phenol from synthetic wastewater using horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetland and the aeration and hydraulic retention time effects on phenol removal efficiency. Materials and methods: This study was an interventional study that was carried out on a laboratory scale in horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetland. In order to determine the effect of aeration on the efficiency of phenol removal,، one reactor was aerated and another one was non-aerated. Pumice was used as a media. The wetlands were planted by Phragmatis australis. Results: The results showed that phenol degradation in both aerated and non-aerated wetland was influenced by organic loading rate and hydraulic retention time. It was also found that the removal of phenol was completely accomplished in both aerated and non-aerated wetlands. This is while the phenol removal rate is higher in aerated wetland,، and in order to achieve the same results,، the hydraulic retention time in non-aerated reactor should be about twice as high as the aerated one. Conclusion: : Horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetland has a high efficiency in phenol removal. Therefore, if the conditions of operation especially hydraulic retention time are optimized، it can be applied as an effective system for phenol removal from wastewater.